云计算环境下数字参考咨询服务模式构建   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

袁红军 《情报科学》2010,(4)

最早推出云计算服务的是亚马逊。本文结合云计算的内涵、功能,探讨了云计算环境下的DRS的变革若干思路;给出了云计算环境下的以用户体验为中心的DRS模式及DRS个性化信息服务模式,以期对云计算在我国图书馆DRS应用起到一定参考作用。  相似文献   

基于认知心理学的海岛型旅游资源开发潜力研究     

王恒  李悦铮  杨金桥  邢娟娟 《资源科学》2010,32(5):886-891

在传统的旅游资源定量评价的基础之上，结合旅游者的心理偏好和海岛型旅游资源的特点，开发基于认知心理学的旅游资源综合评价模型，以大连广鹿岛为例，采用心理学研究中的“开窗”实验范式，使用E-Prime软件测算反应时，计算被试的偏好指数，运用改进后的综合评价模型比较各旅游景区的开发潜力，为旅游地的规划与开发提供科学依据。通过对广鹿岛的实证分析发现，其旅游资源总体质量较高，具有较大的开发价值。广鹿岛旅游资源开发潜力排名依次为：仙女湖、彩虹滩、月亮湾、帆坨子。仙女湖景区作为广鹿岛最具开发潜力的景区应得到优先开发。  相似文献   

How does education have an impact on ethnocentrism? A structural equation analysis of cognitive,occupational status and network mechanisms     

Cecil Meeusen  Thomas de Vroome  Marc Hooghe 《Int J Intercult Relat》2013

Previous studies have distinguished cognitive, occupational status and network mechanisms in the relation between education and ethnocentrism. Hypotheses on these mediating mechanisms are derived from socialization theory, realistic group threat and contact theory. In the current study we use structural equation modeling to investigate the explanatory power of these three mechanisms simultaneously. The analysis is based on a representative population survey from the Netherlands (NELLS 2009, n = 1910). The results show that more than half of the initial association between education and ethnocentrism can be attributed to cognitive ability and occupational status mechanisms. The remaining part of the overall association, however, still has to be modeled as a direct relationship between education and ethnocentrism. This direct association can be attributed either to social desirability or to a direct liberalizing effect of education on social and political attitudes. Our analysis tentatively suggests that the rise of average education levels in Western societies might lead to less ethnocentric attitudes via the cognitive sophistication mechanism.  相似文献   

Search on surfaces: Exploring the potential of interactive tabletops for collaborative search tasks     

Meredith Ringel Morris  Danyel Fisher  Daniel Wigdor 《Information processing & management》2010

Collaborative information seeking often takes place in co-located settings; such opportunities may be planned (business colleagues meeting in a conference room or students working together in a library) or spontaneous (family members gathered in their living room or friends meeting at a café). Surface computing technologies (i.e., interactive tabletops) hold great potential for enhancing collaborative information seeking activities. Such devices provide engaging direct manipulation interactions, facilitate awareness of collaborators’ activities, and afford spatial organization of content. However, current tabletop technologies also present several challenges that creators of collaborative information seeking system must account for in their designs. In this article, we explore the design space for collaborative search systems on interactive tabletops, discussing the benefits and challenges of creating search applications for these devices. We discuss how features of our tabletop search prototypes TeamSearch, FourBySix Search, Cambiera, and WeSearch, illustrate different aspects of this design space.  相似文献   

Cognitive load of critical thinking strategies     

《Learning and Instruction》2015

Argument–counterargument integration (Nussbaum, 2008) refers to the process of evaluating, refuting, and synthesizing arguments on two sides of an issue when creating justification for an overall conclusion. This study compared the cognitive load of two critical thinking strategies related to argument–counterargument integration: (a) constructing design claims that minimize disadvantages of an alternative, and (b) weighing refutations (which weaken an argument by arguing that there are more important values at stake). College students (N = 285) first completed the Need for Cognition (NFC) scale and were then presented with materials summarizing arguments and counterarguments on the topic of grading class participation. Participants completed a small, integrative essay justifying a stand on the issue, and completed the Mental Effort Rating Scale (Paas, 1992). Participants who generated complex weighing refutations reported more mental effort than those constructing complex design claims (and the control group), with a stronger relationship with those high in NFC. The need to coordinate disparate elements in working memory may explain the higher load associated with constructing weighing refutations. Students may need more (and different types of) scaffolding in using this strategy than when constructing a design claim, which is a more sequential process.  相似文献   

Academic tracking is related to gains in students' intelligence over four years: Evidence from a propensity score matching study     

《Learning and Instruction》2017

Ability grouping or tracking during secondary schooling is widespread. Previous research shows academic track schools are more successful than non-academic track schools in teaching mathematics, reading and foreign languages. Reasons include a more favorable student composition and higher instructional quality. However, there is less evidence that between track differences are even large enough to differentially affect the students' cognitive development. We used data from a large Hamburg panel study to test this hypothesis (N = 8628). By employing several propensity score matching algorithms we formed parallelized samples of academic track and either non-academic track students or comprehensive school students. After four years of tracking, academic track students showed considerably higher intelligence scores than their counterparts at the non-academic tracks and slightly higher scores than students at the comprehensive schools. Our results underline the importance of a cognitively stimulating learning environment in school to support students' cognitive development.  相似文献   

关于家庭暴力的社会认知机制研究     

伍小东  张文江  葛万华 《宜宾学院学报》2007,7(4):125-127

家庭暴力已成为一个世界性的社会问题,然而我国学者对家庭暴力的研究多集中在现象的描述、原因的探讨和完善立法等方面,因而从社会心理学角度探究家庭暴力的认知机制对揭示家庭暴力的实质具有重要意义。心理学研究指出,家庭暴力的产生及其对子女的影响而导致的暴力轮回都是认知结构上的偏差所导致,所以从改变认知结构入手的认知行为疗法将是防止家庭暴力的直接和有效的策略。  相似文献   

Dynamic Distribution Model with Prime Granularity for Parallel Computing     

孙济洲张绍敏  李小图 《天津大学学报(英文版)》2005,11(5):343-347

Dynamic distribution model is one of the best schemes for parallel volume rendering. However, in homogeneous cluster system, since the granularity is traditionally identical, all processors communicate almost simultaneously and computation load may lose balance. Due to problems above, a dynamic distribution model with prime granularity for parallel computing is presented. Granularities of each processor are relatively prime, and related theories are introduced, A high parallel performance can be achieved by minimizing network competition and using a load balancing strategy that ensures all processors finish almost simultaneously, Based on Master-Slave-Gleaner （ MSG） scheme, the parallel Splatting Algorithm for volume rendering is used to test the model on IBM Cluster 1350 system. The experimental results show that the model can bring a considerable improvement in performance, including computation efficiency, total execution time, speed, and load balancing.  相似文献   

基于粒计算高效挖掘决策型关系数据库中关联规则     

赵小龙  张步群 《巢湖学院学报》2008,10(3):22-27

文章提出了一种基于粒计算从决策型关系数据集中快速提取关联规则方法,按照属性利用等价类对实体进行分类,利用分类后的属性值来构建粒,提出了基于粒计算提取决策型关系数据库的关联规则算法,来提取关系数据集的关联规则,通过实例来验证该方法的有效性,最后给出了性能分析,并指出基于关系数据集上的粒计算在提取关联规则方面的不足。  相似文献   

Nonsense passage reading as a diagnostic aid in the study of adult familial dyslexia     

K. Gross-Glenn  Bonnie Jallad  Loriana Novoa  Valerie Helgren-Lempesis  H. A. Lubs 《Reading and writing》1990,2(2):161-173

We examined Nonsense-Passage oral reading in adults, using data derived from new and previously published studies (Finucci et al 1976, Gross-Glenn et al 1985). Time-scores and error-frequency data are presented for five samples of non-dyslexic readers with a minimum of a high-school education and no childhood history of dyslexia (N=127). Considerable uniformity is demonstrated across these samples, and reading performance of non-dyslexic individuals contrasts sharply with that observed in four samples of adult familial dyslexics. Both affected and compensated-affected dyslexic subjects read the passages significantly more slowly and with more errors than did nondyslexic readers. Results are discussed in relation to the cognitive and neural processes that may underlie this specific reading difficulty in dyslexics. We have found Nonsense-Passage reading to be especially useful in family studies of inherited dyslexia as a means of quantifying oral reading deficits in adults who have learned to compensate for their children reading difficulties.  相似文献